Pump Fiction: Heat pumps only work in warm climates

It’s a common misconception that heat pumps only work in warm climates. Since heat pumps operate by transferring heat from the outdoors into homes, it may seem counterintuitive that they can perform well when temperatures drop.

Here’s how heat pumps work effectively—even in chilly conditions.

How heat pumps work:

Air source heat pumps operate on the principles of thermodynamics. This is the science behind how heat, temperature and energy transfer from one place to another.

They consist of an evaporator, compressor, condenser, and expansion valve that work in a continuous loop.

Capture heat: Air is drawn in by the fan from outside, passing over the refrigerant fluid.

Raise the temperature: The refrigerant captures heat from the air and becomes warm vapour.

Compress the gas: The vapour then passes through a compressor, producing hot refrigerant and usable heat.

Transfer heat: Heat in the hot refrigerant is then transferred to the heating and hot water cylinder through a heat exchanger.

Repeat: Once the heat has been transferred to the house, the refrigerant passes through an expansion valve which reduces its temperature, making it cold again and enabling it to capture heat from the air, continuing the cycle.

Proven cold-weather performance

Norway, a world leader in heat pump adoption, showcases just how well these systems work in low temperatures. In fact, Norway has over 600 heat pumps per 1,000 households, despite a climate that can drop as low as -20°C.

Today’s heat pumps are engineered to operate efficiently in temperatures as low as -25°C.

Optimising your heat pump’s performance

For best results, keep up with simple maintenance, especially during colder months. Clearing any debris from the fan area helps maintain efficiency, and reducing stagnant water around the unit will prevent freezing. You might also consider home upgrades such as insulation, to further enhance heat pump performance.

With advances in design and technology, heat pumps offer reliable, energy-efficient heating for all climates—helping you enjoy a comfortable home while supporting a more sustainable future.